LEARNING STYLES
Learning Styles or "Multiple Intelligences"
Learning Styles or “Multiple Intelligences” describe how most people learn. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines intelligence as “the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations”. In 1983, Howard Gardiner, a psychologist at Harvard University, identified eight “intelligences”. Gardiner taught that each person can have one dominate “intelligence” –a way that people learn and understand information best and also rely on several additional intelligences while gaining knowledge (Howard Gardener, Intelligence Reframed, (New York: Basic Books, 1999), 41-48). In most situations, the Linguistic intelligence is always used in teaching and learning since this style of learning includes the written and spoken word. The most impactful learning happens when several intelligences are incorporated simultaneously.
The eight learning styles, along with a few keywords to describe each style, are listed below. Thomas Armstrong, Ph.D, coined the “smarts” for each learning style. His work can be found at www.institute4learning.com
Along with each learning style are several suggestions to use when studying scriptures, conference talks, Come Follow Me lessons, etc. which fit each learning style.
SOCIAL LEARNING STYLE
Interpersonal Learning Style-- "people smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Very social
- Loves working in groups-large and small
- Enjoys sharing what they are learning
- Empathizes well with others
- Shares things on social media
- Participates well in discussions
- Works cooperatively with others
STUDY TIPS:
- Find a scripture study group
- Seek for ways to talk about the scriptures with others in casual conversations
- Incorporate small group activities while teaching
- Share goodness on your social media accounts
- Pay attention to the feelings of others in the scriptures
INDIVIDUAL LEARNING STYLE Intrapersonal Learning Style-- "self smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Very private and self-reflective
- Loves to study alone
- Enjoys journaling
- Ponders a lot
- Relates scripture to personal experiences
- Sets personal goals to accomplish
STUDY TIPS:
- Find a quiet place to study
- Use a scripture journal to record what you are learning
- Set personal goals for your scripture study
- Put your own name in scriptures
- Write about your personal experiences that relate to your scripture reading
HANDS-ON LEARNING STYLE
Kinesthetic-Bodily (or Tactile) Learning Style--
"body smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Very active–constantly moving
- Loves to use their hands
- Enjoys role playing, acting, dancing and/or sports
- Likes to build things
- Uses the sense of touch, taste, and smell to learn
- Can learn through cooking
- Enjoys interactive experiences
STUDY TIPS:
- Listen to the scriptures while walking
- Build a model of something you are reading
- Find object lessons or experiments that fit your study
- Hold a pencil or some clay in your hands while studying
- Act out scripture stories
BOOK LEARNING STYLE Linguistic Learning Style-- "word smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Learns well from lectures
- Loves words
- Enjoys reading and writing
- Easily summarizes what they read or heard
- Takes notes about what they are learning
- Able to speak well in front of others
STUDY TIPS:
- Define words
- Use your own words to rewrite a verse
- Prepare a talk about the things you are learning in scripture
- Write questions from your learning and answer them
- Memorize a scripture or quote from what you are learning
STEM LEARNING STYLE
Logical-Mathematical Learning Style--
"logic and number smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Good at math and science
- Great problem solver
- Thinks about things logically
- Categorizes learning
- Organized
- Methodical
- Pays attention to sequence of events
- Very analytical
STUDY TIPS:
- Look for lists in scripture
- Create a timeline of events
- Look for numbers in scriptures and find out more about number symbolism
- Color code your scriptures by specific topics
- Have a specific time set aside to study the scriptures
MUSIC LEARNING STYLE Musical Learning Style-- "music smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Love music (listening, singing and/or playing)
- Taps out rhythms
- Enjoys performing
- Always listening to music
- Learn and memorize best when information is set to music
- Knows the lyrics to most songs
- Sometimes can compose their own music
- Enjoys listening to a rhythmic voice
- Enjoys listening to different voices/accents at a different tempos
Keep all your materials together and easy to find and use each week as you study.
STUDY TIPS:
- Study scriptures with music playing in the background
- Write a song about what you are learning
- Find a song or hymn related to your study
- Study the lyrics of a song or hymn
- Memorize a scripture by putting the words to music
NATURE LEARNING STYLE Naturalistic Learning Style-- "nature smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Love being outside
- Enjoys gardening and yard work
- Takes care of the Earth
- Cares about animals and plants
- Fascinated with astronomy, geology, the weather, land forms, etc.
STUDY TIPS:
- Listen to the scriptures while hiking or gardening
- Study scriptures while sitting outside
- Collect items from nature that remind you of scripture stories
- Notice things in nature in the scriptures (Lakes, animals, ocean)
- Relate things in scripture to nature
VISUAL LEARNING STYLE Spacial-Visual Learning Style-- "picture smarts"
CHARACTERISTICS:
- Enjoys artwork
- Loves to watch movies
- Likes looking at maps
- Can easily visual concepts
- Doodles and draws while learning
- Fascinated with architecture
STUDY TIPS:
- Use a lot of different colors to mark your scriptures
- Decorate a wide margin scripture journal with stickers or drawings
- Draw maps about what you are learning
- Watch a “Book of Mormon Video” or “Bible Video”
- Visualize what you are reading
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